(a) Psychologists take responsibility and credit, including authorship credit, only for work they have actually performed or to which they have substantially contributed. Those broader guidelines can be found on the APA website. 140 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0390B1BA81B949FE803F9CE85180D711><6FD66CE996FA434CA5523E4B0AE93D4B>]/Index[120 60]/Info 119 0 R/Length 98/Prev 278284/Root 121 0 R/Size 180/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Ethical standards of psychologists. Canadian Psychological Association (CPA, 2017), American Psychological Association Guidelines for Clinical Supervision for Health Care Psychologist (APA, 2014)and the CPA (2009) Ethical Guidelines for Supervision in Psychology: Teaching, … (c) Psychologists who offer services, products, or information via electronic transmission inform clients/patients of the risks to privacy and limits of confidentiality. Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association? (See also Standards 2.02, Providing Services in Emergencies; 3.05, Multiple Relationships; 4.01, Maintaining Confidentiality; 9.01, Bases for Assessments; 9.02, Use of Assessments; 9.03, Informed Consent in Assessments; and 9.07, Assessment by Unqualified Persons.). 6. Request copies of the APA's Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct from the APA Order Department, 750 First St. NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242, or phone (202) 336-5510. Psychologists do not require students or supervisees to disclose personal information in course- or program-related activities, either orally or in writing, regarding sexual history, history of abuse and neglect, psychological treatment, and relationships with parents, peers, and spouses or significant others except if (1) the program or training facility has clearly identified this requirement in its admissions and program materials or (2) the information is necessary to evaluate or obtain assistance for students whose personal problems could reasonably be judged to be preventing them from performing their training- or professionally related activities in a competent manner or posing a threat to the students or others. Potential ethical pitfalls and dilemmas in the promotion and use of American Psychological Association-recommended treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder. (a) The term test data refers to raw and scaled scores, client/patient responses to test questions or stimuli, and psychologists' notes and recordings concerning client/patient statements and behavior during an examination. This section consists of General Principles. (b) If psychologists discover significant errors in their published data, they take reasonable steps to correct such errors in a correction, retraction, erratum, or other appropriate publication means. Psychologists who engage in such activity after the two years following cessation or termination of therapy and of having no sexual contact with the former client/patient bear the burden of demonstrating that there has been no exploitation, in light of all relevant factors, including (1) the amount of time that has passed since therapy terminated; (2) the nature, duration, and intensity of the therapy; (3) the circumstances of termination; (4) the client's/patient's personal history; (5) the client's/patient's current mental status; (6) the likelihood of adverse impact on the client/patient; and (7) any statements or actions made by the therapist during the course of therapy suggesting or inviting the possibility of a posttermination sexual or romantic relationship with the client/patient. (See also Standard 2.05, Delegation of Work to Others.). 2010 amendments to the 2002 “Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct.” American Psychologist, 65, 493. These regulations have been incorporated into broader ethical guidelines published more recently. of the . (1981). (d) When psychologists are asked to provide services to individuals for whom appropriate mental health services are not available and for which psychologists have not obtained the competence necessary, psychologists with closely related prior training or experience may provide such services in order to ensure that services are not denied if they make a reasonable effort to obtain the competence required by using relevant research, training, consultation, or study. Sexual harassment is sexual solicitation, physical advances, or verbal or nonverbal conduct that is sexual in nature, that occurs in connection with the psychologist's activities or roles as a psychologist, and that either (1) is unwelcome, is offensive, or creates a hostile workplace or educational environment, and the psychologist knows or is told this or (2) is sufficiently severe or intense to be abusive to a reasonable person in the context. These activities shall be distinguished from the purely private conduct of psychologists, which is not within the purview of the Ethics Code. (See also Standards 4.05, Disclosures; 6.03, Withholding Records for Nonpayment; and 10.01, Informed Consent to Therapy. The following guidelines were developed by the American Psychological Association (APA) for use by psychologists working with nonhuman animals. (a) Psychologists do not fabricate data. The Ethical Standards set forth enforceable rules for conduct as psychologists. (2017). (c) Psychologists make plans in advance to facilitate the appropriate transfer and to protect the confidentiality of records and data in the event of psychologists' withdrawal from positions or practice. Ethical standards of psychologists. 2.01 Boundaries of Competence Informed consent includes an explanation of the nature and purpose of the assessment, fees, involvement of third parties, and limits of confidentiality and sufficient opportunity for the client/patient to ask questions and receive answers. Psychologists refrain from taking on a professional role when personal, scientific, professional, legal, financial, or other interests or relationships could reasonably be expected to (1) impair their objectivity, competence, or effectiveness in performing their functions as psychologists or (2) expose the person or organization with whom the professional relationship exists to harm or exploitation. 9.06 Interpreting Assessment Results (See also Standard 2.05, Delegation of Work to Others.). ), (e) If the recipient of services does not pay for services as agreed, and if psychologists intend to use collection agencies or legal measures to collect the fees, psychologists first inform the person that such measures will be taken and provide that person an opportunity to make prompt payment. 120 0 obj <> endobj Psychologists do not accept as therapy clients/patients persons with whom they have engaged in sexual intimacies. In 500-750-words, students will select one “research disaster” from the list provided or a preapproved topic. (1992). When such validity or reliability has not been established, psychologists describe the strengths and limitations of test results and interpretation. (See also Standard 3.12, Interruption of Psychological Services.). (a) Psychologists provide a prompt opportunity for participants to obtain appropriate information about the nature, results, and conclusions of the research, and they take reasonable steps to correct any misconceptions that participants may have of which the psychologists are aware. AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (APA) • World’s largest association of psychologists. Principle E: Respect for People's Rights and Dignity 9.02 Use of Assessments b. Psychologists discuss these issues with the client/patient or another legally authorized person on behalf of the client/patient in order to minimize the risk of confusion and conflict, consult with the other service providers when appropriate, and proceed with caution and sensitivity to the therapeutic issues. 4.05 Disclosures 10.03 Group Therapy COVID-19 resources for psychologists, health-care workers and the public. Death of Jesse Gelsinger. 3.02 Sexual Harassment Psychologists do not engage in sexual relationships with students or supervisees who are in their department, agency, or training center or over whom psychologists have or are likely to have evaluative authority. 9.10 Explaining Assessment Results (c) When psychological services are court ordered or otherwise mandated, psychologists inform the individual of the nature of the anticipated services, including whether the services are court ordered or mandated and any limits of confidentiality, before proceeding. Home Style and Grammar Guidelines In-Text Citations Plagiarism. 9.05 Test Construction The American Psychological Association’s revised “record-keeping guidelines”: Implications for the practitioner. http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/index.html, Section 5: Advertising and Other Public Statements, Amendments to the 2002 “Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct” in 2010 and 2016, Advancing psychology to benefit society and improve lives. 6.01 Documentation of Professional and Scientific Work and Maintenance of Records (c) Psychologists do not misrepresent their fees. The Code became effective on June 1, 2003. (See also Standard 8.07, Deception in Research.). (See also Standard 4.05, Disclosures. 1.01 Misuse of Psychologists' Work d. Participants cannot be deceived about aspects of the … The American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (for short, the Ethics Code, as referred to by the APA) includes an introduction, preamble, a list of five aspirational principles and a list of ten enforceable standards that psychologists use to guide ethical decisions in practice, research, and education. Effective date June 1, 2003 with amendments effective June 1, 2010 and January 1, 2017. 3.12 Interruption of Psychological Services APA Ethical Guidelines for Research 8. 8.07 Deception in Research 1.03 Conflicts Between Ethics and Organizational Demands  (c) Psychologists claim degrees as credentials for their health services only if those degrees (1) were earned from a regionally accredited educational institution or (2) were the basis for psychology licensure by the state in which they practice. (a) Psychologists take reasonable steps to ensure that course syllabi are accurate regarding the subject matter to be covered, bases for evaluating progress, and the nature of course experiences. In situations in which deception may be ethically justifiable to maximize benefits and minimize harm, psychologists have a serious obligation to consider the need for, the possible consequences of, and their responsibility to correct any resulting mistrust or other harmful effects that arise from the use of such techniques. (d) Psychologists appropriately document written or oral consent, permission, and assent. (b) Psychologists do not base such decisions or recommendations on tests and measures that are obsolete and not useful for the current purpose. Relying upon General Principles for either of these reasons distorts both their meaning and purpose. Psychologists may dispense with informed consent only (1) where research would not reasonably be assumed to create distress or harm and involves (a) the study of normal educational practices, curricula, or classroom management methods conducted in educational settings; (b) only anonymous questionnaires, naturalistic observations, or archival research for which disclosure of responses would not place participants at risk of criminal or civil liability or damage their financial standing, employability, or reputation, and confidentiality is protected; or (c) the study of factors related to job or organization effectiveness conducted in organizational settings for which there is no risk to participants' employability, and confidentiality is protected or (2) where otherwise permitted by law or federal or institutional regulations. They conduct the research in accordance with the approved research protocol. American Psychological Association – academic acers. (a) Public statements include but are not limited to paid or unpaid advertising, product endorsements, grant applications, licensing applications, other credentialing applications, brochures, printed matter, directory listings, personal resumes or curricula vitae, or comments for use in media such as print or electronic transmission, statements in legal proceedings, lectures and public oral presentations, and published materials. (a) Psychologists take reasonable steps to avoid harming their clients/patients, students, supervisees, research participants, organizational clients, and others with whom they work, and to minimize harm where it is foreseeable and unavoidable. Mere possession of an institutional position, such as department chair, does not justify authorship credit. If psychologists’ ethical responsibilities conflict with law, regulations, or other governing legal authority, psychologists clarify the nature of the conflict, make known their commitment to the Ethics Code, and take reasonable steps to resolve the conflict consistent with the General Principles and Ethical Standards of the Ethics Code. Washington, DC: Author. Psychologists make reasonable efforts to maintain the integrity and security of test materials and other assessment techniques consistent with law and contractual obligations, and in a manner that permits adherence to this Ethics Code. Psychologists strive to be aware of the possible effect of their own physical and mental health on their ability to help those with whom they work. Requesting psychologists obtain prior written agreement for all other uses of the data. The American Psychological Association (APA) publishes the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct1 which outlines aspirational principles as well as enforceable standards that psychologistsshould use when making decisions. (See also Standard 2.04, Bases for Scientific and Professional Judgments.). (2017). This clarification includes the psychologist's role and the probable uses of the services provided or the information obtained. Psychologists may refrain from releasing test data to protect a client/patient or others from substantial harm or misuse or misrepresentation of the data or the test, recognizing that in many instances release of confidential information under these circumstances is regulated by law. Plagiarism . If the demands of an organization with which psychologists are affiliated or for whom they are working are in conflict with this Ethics Code, psychologists clarify the nature of the conflict, make known their commitment to the Ethics Code, and take reasonable steps to resolve the conflict consistent with the General Principles and Ethical Standards of the Ethics Code. Psychologists cooperate in ethics investigations, proceedings, and resulting requirements of the APA or any affiliated state psychological association to which they belong. (See also Standards 2.01b and c, Boundaries of Competence, and 3.01, Unfair Discrimination. 5. American Psychological Association. When conflicts occur among psychologists' obligations or concerns, they attempt to resolve these conflicts in a responsible fashion that avoids or minimizes harm. (b) When offering professional services as an inducement for research participation, psychologists clarify the nature of the services, as well as the risks, obligations, and limitations. The APA set standards and helped determine the type of credentials that are necessary to … (See also Standard 4.01, Maintaining Confidentiality.). It has 54 divisions—interest groups for different subspecialties of psychology or topical areas. (See also Standard 9.11, Maintaining Test Security.). (1963). Sexual harassment can consist of a single intense or severe act or of multiple persistent or pervasive acts. In their reports to payors for services or sources of research funding, psychologists take reasonable steps to ensure the accurate reporting of the nature of the service provided or research conducted, the fees, charges, or payments, and where applicable, the identity of the provider, the findings, and the diagnosis. American Psychological Association Review of Ethical Guidelines, Interrogations and Torture The following report relating to the involvement of prominent psychologists in the government’s enhanced interrogation program was released by the … Copyright © 2017 American Psychological Association. Psychologists undertake ongoing efforts to develop and maintain their competence. Aspirational and Enforceable The current American Psychological Association’s (2002) ethical code features two distinct sections: General Principles and Ethical Standards. (b) Psychologists use assessment instruments whose validity and reliability have been established for use with members of the population tested. (See also Standards 4.01, Maintaining Confidentiality; 4.04, Minimizing Intrusions on Privacy; and 4.05, Disclosures. 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